Signature: Uzbekistan & Turkmenistan

Welcome to Uzbekistan. Your expedition begins as you touch down in Tashkent, a city where modern boulevards intersect with ancient history. You will be met at the airport and transferred to your hotel. In the evening, gather with your National Geographic Expedition Leader and fellow travellers. An engaging presentation sets the historical stage for the expedition ahead, followed by a welcome reception and a three-course dinner, blending traditional flavors with modern flair.

Dive into the historic soul of Tashkent at the Hasti Imam complex, the spiritual center of the city. Stand in the quiet library to view the Uthman Quran, one of the oldest in the world, stained with the blood of the third Caliph. Then, immerse yourself in the lively Chorsu Bazaar. Wander beneath its massive blue-tiled dome, inhaling the scent of cumin and freshly baked non bread as you navigate stalls piled high with dried apricots and almonds. In the afternoon, visit the Rakhimov Family Art Studio. Meet a multigenerational family of ceramic masters, and learn about their use of natural dyes and the revival of ancient glazing techniques. Watch as they transform raw clay into intricate works of art, preserving a heritage that dates back centuries.

Board a high-speed train, watching the landscape shift to the fertile plains of Samarkand, the jewel of the Silk Road. Stand in awe at Registan Square, a symphony of majolica and azure mosaics. Feel dwarfed by the colossal madrasahs that frame the plaza, their facades shimmering in the sun. Walk the avenue of mausoleums at the Shahi Zinda necropolis, where every surface is covered in turquoise tilework. The evening is free to rest or head out to catch the Registan Square light show.

Leave the city for the rolling hills of Tersak Village to connect with the heart of Uzbekistan. Join a local family in their courtyard kitchen to knead dough and bake savory samsas in a traditional clay tandoor oven. As the scent of baking bread fills the air, share the warm, home-cooked lunch you helped prepare, exchanging stories of daily life. Return to the city to visit the Afrasiab Museum, located on the site of ancient Samarkand. View rare 7th-century murals that survived the Mongol conquest, revealing a pre-Islamic world of Zoroastrian rituals and royal procession, gaining archaeological context for the empire you are exploring. The day ends with after-hours access to the Guri Emir Mausoleum–step beneath the gold-leafed dome to stand before Tamerlane’s jade tomb. A local professor leads a discussion on the legacy of the conqueror who built this empire, bringing the history to life in the hush of the sanctuary.

Take the high-speed train across the Kyzylkum Desert to Bukhara, a city that feels like an open-air museum frozen in time. Walk the dust-swept streets to the Ark Fortress, the massive citadel that once housed the Emirs. Stand beneath the intricate brickwork of the Ismail Samanid Mausoleum and gaze up at the towering Kalyan Minaret, a structure so beautiful that Genghis Khan spared it from destruction. In the evening, roll up your sleeves for a hands-on masterclass with a local chef. Learn the precise rhythm of chopping carrots and layering rice to create plov, Uzbekistan’s beloved national dish. Savor the fruits of your labor for dinner, tasting the rich history of the Silk Road in every bite.

Begin at the sacred Naqshbandiy Mausoleum, a serene pilgrimage site for the Sufi order. Walk the peaceful courtyards, learning about the spiritual teachings of ‘heart with God, hands in work’ that define the region's faith. Continue to Sitorai Mohi-Khosa, the Emir's Summer Palace, to admire its eclectic blend of Russian mirrors and Oriental plasterwork. Wander the labyrinthine streets of the Old Jewish Quarter and the architectural gems of the old city as the sun begins to lower. Conclude the day with dinner in a restored caravanserai, dining under stone arches where merchants and their camels once rested after crossing the desert.

Travel west by train, as the landscape shifts toward the stark beauty of the Khorezm region. Arrive in Khiva, the most intact of the Silk Road cities. Step inside the Ichan Qala, the walled inner city, where time seems to have stopped in the 10th century. Wander past the unfinished turquoise tower of the Kalta Minor minaret and through heavy carved wooden doors. As the sun sets, the mud-brick walls glow with a golden hue. Enjoy dinner with a view of the historic skyline, watching the silhouette of minarets against the darkening desert sky.

Delve deeper into the Ichan Qala with an in-depth guided tour. Step into the cool shadows of the Juma Mosque, a forest of 213 wooden pillars, each uniquely carved. Explore the Tash-Khauli Palace, with its intricate blue tiles and labyrinthine corridors that once housed the Khan’s harem. Spend the afternoon at leisure on your own — choose to climb the city walls for a panoramic view of the endless desert beyond or sipping green tea in a traditional chaikhana. The day concludes with a festive dinner featuring the vibrant rhythms of Khorezmian music and dance, a colorful celebration of the cultural legacy of this desert oasis.

Cross the border at Shavat, transitioning from the history of Uzbekistan into the mysterious nation of Turkmenistan. Drive to Dashoguz to visit a local market before boarding a flight to Ashgabat. Upon arrival, witness the surreal contrast of this modern capital, recognized by Guinness World Records for its density of white marble buildings. The evening and dinner are on your own to relax or explore more on your own.

Drive to the foot of the Kopet Dag mountains to explore Old Nisa, the ancient capital of the Parthian Empire. Walk among the UNESCO-listed mud-brick ruins of a civilization that once rivaled Rome, uncovering 2,000 years of history in the fortress walls. Return to Ashgabat to tour the grandiose monuments, including the Arch of Neutrality topped by a gold statue, gaining insight into the unique identity of this reclusive nation. It is a futuristic vision rising from the ancient sands. The expedition concludes with a farewell dinner and wrap-up presentation. Reflect on the empires, cultures, and landscapes you have traversed — from the tiled domes of Samarkand to the marble avenues of Ashgabat —toasting to the end of an epic expedition.

Your expedition to Central Asia concludes today. Transfers to the airport are provided at any time during the day.